
@ARTICLE{1969ApJ...156L...7B,
   author = {{Bahcall}, J.~N. and {Peebles}, P.~J.~E.},
    title = "{Statistical Tests for the Origin of Absorption Lines Observed in Quasi-Stellar Sources}",
  journal = {\apjl},
     year = 1969,
    month = apr,
   volume = 156,
    pages = {L7+},
      doi = {10.1086/180337},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1969ApJ...156L...7B},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}




@ARTICLE{2009ApJ...701L..12K,
   author = {{Krumholz}, M.~R. and {Ellison}, S.~L. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and 
	{Tumlinson}, J.},
    title = "{On the Absence of High Metallicity-High Column Density Damped Ly{$\alpha$} Systems: Molecule Formation in a Two-Phase Interstellar Medium}",
  journal = {\apjl},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0906.0983},
 keywords = {galaxies: ISM, gamma rays: bursts, ISM: molecules, ISM: structure, quasars: absorption lines, stars: formation},
     year = 2009,
    month = aug,
   volume = 701,
    pages = {L12-L15},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/L12},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...701L..12K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009ApJ...693..216K,
   author = {{Krumholz}, M.~R. and {McKee}, C.~F. and {Tumlinson}, J.},
    title = "{The Atomic-to-Molecular Transition in Galaxies. II: H I and H_{2} Column Densities}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0811.0004},
 keywords = {galaxies: ISM, ISM: clouds, ISM: molecules, ISM: structure, molecular processes},
     year = 2009,
    month = mar,
   volume = 693,
    pages = {216-235},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/693/1/216},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...693..216K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2006ApJ...650..933B,
   author = {{Blitz}, L. and {Rosolowsky}, E.},
    title = "{The Role of Pressure in GMC Formation II: The H_{2}-Pressure Relation}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0605035},
 keywords = {Galaxies: ISM, ISM: Clouds, ISM: Evolution, ISM: Molecules},
     year = 2006,
    month = oct,
   volume = 650,
    pages = {933-944},
      doi = {10.1086/505417},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006ApJ...650..933B},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2010ApJ...718..392P,
   author = {{Prochaska}, J.~X. and {O'Meara}, J.~M. and {Worseck}, G.},
    title = "{A Definitive Survey for Lyman Limit Systems at z \~{} 3.5 with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0912.0292},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {diffuse radiation, intergalactic medium },
     year = 2010,
    month = jul,
   volume = 718,
    pages = {392-416},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/718/1/392},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ApJ...718..392P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009ApJ...696.1543P,
   author = {{Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Wolfe}, A.~M.},
    title = "{On the (Non)Evolution of H I Gas in Galaxies Over Cosmic Time}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0811.2003},
 keywords = {galaxies: evolution, intergalactic medium, quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2009,
    month = may,
   volume = 696,
    pages = {1543-1547},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/1543},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...696.1543P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2010arXiv1006.5345N,
   author = {{Nagamine}, K. and {Choi}, {J.-H.} and {Yajima}, H.},
    title = "{Effects of UV background and local stellar radiation on the H\_I column density distribution}",
  journal = {ArXiv e-prints},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {1006.5345},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics},
     year = 2010,
    month = jun,
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010arXiv1006.5345N},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2004MNRAS.348..421N,
   author = {{Nagamine}, K. and {Springel}, V. and {Hernquist}, L.},
    title = "{Abundance of damped Lyman {$\alpha$} absorbers in cosmological smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0302187},
 keywords = {methods: numerical, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: formation, cosmology: theory},
     year = 2004,
    month = feb,
   volume = 348,
    pages = {421-434},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07393.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004MNRAS.348..421N},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}





@ARTICLE{1997MNRAS.292...27H,
   author = {{Hui}, L. and {Gnedin}, N.~Y.},
    title = "{Equation of state of the photoionized intergalactic medium}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9612232},
 keywords = {EQUATIONS OF STATE, INTERGALACTIC MEDIA, PHOTOIONIZATION, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, QUASARS},
     year = 1997,
    month = nov,
   volume = 292,
    pages = {27-+},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997MNRAS.292...27H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2010MNRAS.402.1536S,
   author = {{Schaye}, J. and {Dalla Vecchia}, C. and {Booth}, C.~M. and 
	{Wiersma}, R.~P.~C. and {Theuns}, T. and {Haas}, M.~R. and {Bertone}, S. and 
	{Duffy}, A.~R. and {McCarthy}, I.~G. and {van de Voort}, F.},
    title = "{The physics driving the cosmic star formation history}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0909.5196},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {stars: formation, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: formation, cosmology: theory},
     year = 2010,
    month = mar,
   volume = 402,
    pages = {1536-1560},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16029.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010MNRAS.402.1536S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2008MNRAS.383.1210S,
   author = {{Schaye}, J. and {Dalla Vecchia}, C.},
    title = "{On the relation between the Schmidt and Kennicutt-Schmidt star formation laws and its implications for numerical simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0709.0292},
 keywords = {stars: formation , galaxies: evolution , galaxies: formation , galaxies: ISM},
     year = 2008,
    month = jan,
   volume = 383,
    pages = {1210-1222},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12639.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008MNRAS.383.1210S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2008MNRAS.387.1431D,
   author = {{Dalla Vecchia}, C. and {Schaye}, J.},
    title = "{Simulating galactic outflows with kinetic supernova feedback}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0801.2770},
 keywords = {methods: numerical , ISM: bubbles , ISM: jets and outflows , galaxies: evolution , galaxies: formation , galaxies: ISM},
     year = 2008,
    month = jul,
   volume = 387,
    pages = {1431-1444},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13322.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008MNRAS.387.1431D},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2009MNRAS.399..574W,
   author = {{Wiersma}, R.~P.~C. and {Schaye}, J. and {Theuns}, T. and {Dalla Vecchia}, C. and 
	{Tornatore}, L.},
    title = "{Chemical enrichment in cosmological, smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0902.1535},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {methods: numerical , galaxies: abundances , galaxies: formation , intergalactic medium , cosmology: theory},
     year = 2009,
    month = oct,
   volume = 399,
    pages = {574-600},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15331.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.399..574W},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2009MNRAS.393...99W,
   author = {{Wiersma}, R.~P.~C. and {Schaye}, J. and {Smith}, B.~D.},
    title = "{The effect of photoionization on the cooling rates of enriched, astrophysical plasmas}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0807.3748},
 keywords = {atomic processes , plasmas , cooling flows , galaxies: formation , intergalactic medium},
     year = 2009,
    month = feb,
   volume = 393,
    pages = {99-107},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14191.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.393...99W},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009MNRAS.398...53B,
   author = {{Booth}, C.~M. and {Schaye}, J.},
    title = "{Cosmological simulations of the growth of supermassive black holes and feedback from active galactic nuclei: method and tests}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0904.2572},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {hydrodynamics , galaxies: active , galaxies: evolution , galaxies: formation , quasars: general , cosmology: theory},
     year = 2009,
    month = sep,
   volume = 398,
    pages = {53-74},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15043.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.398...53B},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2005MNRAS.364.1105S,
   author = {{Springel}, V.},
    title = "{The cosmological simulation code GADGET-2}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0505010},
 keywords = {methods: numerical, galaxies: interactions, dark matter},
     year = 2005,
    month = dec,
   volume = 364,
    pages = {1105-1134},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09655.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005MNRAS.364.1105S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{2001cghr.confE..64H,
   author = {{Haardt}, F. and {Madau}, P.},
    title = "{Modelling the UV/X-ray cosmic background with CUBA}",
booktitle = {Clusters of Galaxies and the High Redshift Universe Observed in X-rays},
     year = 2001,
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0106018},
   editor = "{D.~M.~Neumann \& J.~T.~V.~Tran}",
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001cghr.confE..64H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2005ApJ...622..759G,
   author = {{G{\'o}rski}, K.~M. and {Hivon}, E. and {Banday}, A.~J. and 
	{Wandelt}, B.~D. and {Hansen}, F.~K. and {Reinecke}, M. and 
	{Bartelmann}, M.},
    title = "{HEALPix: A Framework for High-Resolution Discretization and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0409513},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Cosmic Microwave Background, Cosmology: Observations, Methods: Statistical},
     year = 2005,
    month = apr,
   volume = 622,
    pages = {759-771},
      doi = {10.1086/427976},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...622..759G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2010arXiv1010.5014C,
   author = {{Cen}, R.},
    title = "{The Nature of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems and Their Hosts in the Standard Cold Dark Matter Universe}",
  journal = {ArXiv e-prints},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {1010.5014},
   volume = {1010.5014},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics},
     year = 2010,
    month = oct,
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010arXiv1010.5014C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}





@ARTICLE{2005ApJ...635...86C,
   author = {{Cen}, R. and {Nagamine}, K. and {Ostriker}, J.~P.},
    title = "{Quantitative Signatures of Galactic Superwinds on Ly{$\alpha$} Clouds and Metal-Line Systems}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0407143},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Theory, Hydrodynamics, Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium, Cosmology: Large-Scale Structure of Universe, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2005,
    month = dec,
   volume = 635,
    pages = {86-99},
      doi = {10.1086/497353},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...635...86C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}




@ARTICLE{2009MNRAS.397..411T,
   author = {{Tescari}, E. and {Viel}, M. and {Tornatore}, L. and {Borgani}, S.
	},
    title = "{Damped Lyman {$\alpha$} systems in high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0904.3545},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {methods: numerical , galaxies: formation , intergalactic medium , quasars: absorption lines , cosmology: theory},
     year = 2009,
    month = jul,
   volume = 397,
    pages = {411-430},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14943.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.397..411T},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2007ApJS..170..377S,
   author = {{Spergel}, D.~N. and {Bean}, R. and {Dor{\'e}}, O. and {Nolta}, M.~R. and 
	{Bennett}, C.~L. and {Dunkley}, J. and {Hinshaw}, G. and {Jarosik}, N. and 
	{Komatsu}, E. and {Page}, L. and {Peiris}, H.~V. and {Verde}, L. and 
	{Halpern}, M. and {Hill}, R.~S. and {Kogut}, A. and {Limon}, M. and 
	{Meyer}, S.~S. and {Odegard}, N. and {Tucker}, G.~S. and {Weiland}, J.~L. and 
	{Wollack}, E. and {Wright}, E.~L.},
    title = "{Three-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Implications for Cosmology}",
  journal = {\apjs},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0603449},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Cosmic Microwave Background, Cosmology: Observations},
     year = 2007,
    month = jun,
   volume = 170,
    pages = {377-408},
      doi = {10.1086/513700},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJS..170..377S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009ApJS..180..330K,
   author = {{Komatsu}, E. and {Dunkley}, J. and {Nolta}, M.~R. and {Bennett}, C.~L. and 
	{Gold}, B. and {Hinshaw}, G. and {Jarosik}, N. and {Larson}, D. and 
	{Limon}, M. and {Page}, L. and {Spergel}, D.~N. and {Halpern}, M. and 
	{Hill}, R.~S. and {Kogut}, A. and {Meyer}, S.~S. and {Tucker}, G.~S. and 
	{Weiland}, J.~L. and {Wollack}, E. and {Wright}, E.~L.},
    title = "{Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe Observations: Cosmological Interpretation}",
  journal = {\apjs},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0803.0547},
 keywords = {cosmic microwave background, cosmology: observations, dark matter, early universe, instrumentation: detectors, space vehicles: instruments, telescopes},
     year = 2009,
    month = feb,
   volume = 180,
    pages = {330-376},
      doi = {10.1088/0067-0049/180/2/330},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJS..180..330K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2001ApJ...562L..95S,
   author = {{Schaye}, J.},
    title = "{A Physical Upper Limit on the H I Column Density of Gas Clouds}",
  journal = {\apjl},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0109280},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Formation, Galaxies: ISM, Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium, ISM: Clouds, ISM: Molecules, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2001,
    month = nov,
   volume = 562,
    pages = {L95-L98},
      doi = {10.1086/338106},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...562L..95S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2009A&A...505.1087N,
   author = {{Noterdaeme}, P. and {Petitjean}, P. and {Ledoux}, C. and {Srianand}, R.
	},
    title = "{Evolution of the cosmological mass density of neutral gas from Sloan Digital Sky Survey II - Data Release 7}",
  journal = {\aap},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0908.1574},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {cosmology: observations, quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2009,
    month = oct,
   volume = 505,
    pages = {1087-1098},
      doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/200912768},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009A%26A...505.1087N},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2005MNRAS.363..479P,
   author = {{P{\'e}roux}, C. and {Dessauges-Zavadsky}, M. and {D'Odorico}, S. and 
	{Sun Kim}, T. and {McMahon}, R.~G.},
    title = "{A homogeneous sample of sub-damped Lyman {$\alpha$} systems - III. Total gas mass {$\Omega$}_{HI+HeII} at z {\gt} 2^{*}}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0507353},
 keywords = {galaxies: abundances, galaxies: high-redshift, quasars: absorption lines, quasars: general},
     year = 2005,
    month = oct,
   volume = 363,
    pages = {479-495},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09432.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005MNRAS.363..479P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2007ApJ...656..666O,
   author = {{O'Meara}, J.~M. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Burles}, S. and 
	{Prochter}, G. and {Bernstein}, R.~A. and {Burgess}, K.~M.},
    title = "{The Keck+Magellan Survey for Lyman Limit Absorption. I. The Frequency Distribution of Super Lyman Limit Systems}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0610726},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2007,
    month = feb,
   volume = 656,
    pages = {666-679},
      doi = {10.1086/510711},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJ...656..666O},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2002MNRAS.335..555K,
   author = {{Kim}, {T.-S.} and {Carswell}, R.~F. and {Cristiani}, S. and 
	{D'Odorico}, S. and {Giallongo}, E.},
    title = "{The physical properties of the Ly{$\alpha$} forest at z {\gt} 1.5}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0205237},
 keywords = {quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2002,
    month = sep,
   volume = 335,
    pages = {555-573},
      doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05599.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002MNRAS.335..555K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2005ARA&A..43..861W,
   author = {{Wolfe}, A.~M. and {Gawiser}, E. and {Prochaska}, J.~X.},
    title = "{Damped Ly {$\alpha$} Systems}",
  journal = {\araa},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0509481},
     year = 2005,
    month = sep,
   volume = 43,
    pages = {861-918},
      doi = {10.1146/annurev.astro.42.053102.133950},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ARA%26A..43..861W},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{1998ARA&A..36..267R,
   author = {{Rauch}, M.},
    title = "{The Lyman Alpha Forest in the Spectra of QSOs}",
  journal = {\araa},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9806286},
     year = 1998,
   volume = 36,
    pages = {267-316},
      doi = {10.1146/annurev.astro.36.1.267},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998ARA%26A..36..267R},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2009ApJ...705L.113P,
   author = {{Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Worseck}, G. and {O'Meara}, J.~M.},
    title = "{A Direct Measurement of the Intergalactic Medium Opacity to H I Ionizing Photons}",
  journal = {\apjl},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0910.0009},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {intergalactic medium, large-scale structure of universe, quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2009,
    month = nov,
   volume = 705,
    pages = {L113-L117},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/L113},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...705L.113P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1993MNRAS.262..499P,
   author = {{Petitjean}, P. and {Webb}, J.~K. and {Rauch}, M. and {Carswell}, R.~F. and 
	{Lanzetta}, K.},
    title = "{Evidence for structure in the H I column density distribution of QSO absorbers}",
  journal = {\mnras},
 keywords = {DENSITY DISTRIBUTION, H I REGIONS, LYMAN ALPHA RADIATION, QUASARS, ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION, ULTRAVIOLET ASTRONOMY, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS, INTERGALACTIC MEDIA},
     year = 1993,
    month = may,
   volume = 262,
    pages = {499-505},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993MNRAS.262..499P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1987ApJ...321...49T,
   author = {{Tytler}, D.},
    title = "{The distribution of QSO absorption system column densities - Evidence for a single population}",
  journal = {\apj},
 keywords = {ABSORPTION SPECTRA, H I REGIONS, INTERGALACTIC MEDIA, LINE SPECTRA, QUASARS, SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION, ASTRONOMICAL MODELS, DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS, LYMAN ALPHA RADIATION, METALLICITY},
     year = 1987,
    month = oct,
   volume = 321,
    pages = {49-68},
      doi = {10.1086/165615},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987ApJ...321...49T},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1996ApJ...457L..57K,
   author = {{Katz}, N. and {Weinberg}, D.~H. and {Hernquist}, L. and {Miralda-Escude}, J.
	},
    title = "{Damped Lyman-Alpha and Lyman Limit Absorbers in the Cold Dark Matter Model}",
  journal = {\apjl},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9509106},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: FORMATION, HYDRODYNAMICS, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, METHODS: NUMERICAL, GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES},
     year = 1996,
    month = feb,
   volume = 457,
    pages = {L57+},
      doi = {10.1086/309900},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996ApJ...457L..57K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1998ApJ...495..647H,
   author = {{Haehnelt}, M.~G. and {Steinmetz}, M. and {Rauch}, M.},
    title = "{Damped Ly alpha Absorber at High Redshift: Large Disks or Galactic Building Blocks?}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9706201},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS, GALAXIES: STRUCTURE, GALAXIES: INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM, GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES},
     year = 1998,
    month = mar,
   volume = 495,
    pages = {647-+},
      doi = {10.1086/305323},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998ApJ...495..647H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1998MNRAS.301..478T,
   author = {{Theuns}, T. and {Leonard}, A. and {Efstathiou}, G. and {Pearce}, F.~R. and 
	{Thomas}, P.~A.},
    title = "{P\^{}3M-SPH simulations of the Lyalpha forest}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9805119},
 keywords = {HYDRODYNAMICS, QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, COSMOLOGY: THEORY, LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE},
     year = 1998,
    month = dec,
   volume = 301,
    pages = {478-502},
      doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.02040.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998MNRAS.301..478T},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{1998MNRAS.297L..49T,
   author = {{Theuns}, T. and {Leonard}, A. and {Efstathiou}, G.},
    title = "{The low-redshift evolution of the Lyman-alpha forest}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9803245},
 keywords = {HYDRODYNAMICS, QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, COSMOLOGY: THEORY, LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE},
     year = 1998,
    month = jun,
   volume = 297,
    pages = {L49-L52},
      doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01740.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998MNRAS.297L..49T},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}




@ARTICLE{1997ApJ...479..523B,
   author = {{Bi}, H. and {Davidsen}, A.~F.},
    title = "{Evolution of Structure in the Intergalactic Medium and the Nature of the Ly alpha Forest}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9611062},
 keywords = {COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, COSMOLOGY: DARK MATTER, HYDRODYNAMICS, GALAXIES: INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM, GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES},
     year = 1997,
    month = apr,
   volume = 479,
    pages = {523-+},
      doi = {10.1086/303908},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997ApJ...479..523B},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{1994ApJ...437L...9C,
   author = {{Cen}, R. and {Miralda-Escud{\'e}}, J. and {Ostriker}, J.~P. and 
	{Rauch}, M.},
    title = "{Gravitational collapse of small-scale structure as the origin of the Lyman-alpha forest}",
  journal = {\apjl},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9409017},
 keywords = {ASTRONOMICAL MODELS, COSMOLOGY, GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE, GRAVITATIONAL LENSES, QUASARS, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, HYDRODYNAMICS, LINE SPECTRA, LYMAN ALPHA RADIATION, PHOTOIONIZATION, RED SHIFT, SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIOS},
     year = 1994,
    month = dec,
   volume = 437,
    pages = {L9-L12},
      doi = {10.1086/187670},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994ApJ...437L...9C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2008MNRAS.390.1349P,
   author = {{Pontzen}, A. and {Governato}, F. and {Pettini}, M. and {Booth}, C.~M. and 
	{Stinson}, G. and {Wadsley}, J. and {Brooks}, A. and {Quinn}, T. and 
	{Haehnelt}, M.},
    title = "{Damped Lyman {$\alpha$} systems in galaxy formation simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0804.4474},
 keywords = {methods: numerical , galaxies: formation , quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2008,
    month = nov,
   volume = 390,
    pages = {1349-1371},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13782.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008MNRAS.390.1349P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1996ApJ...457L..51H,
   author = {{Hernquist}, L. and {Katz}, N. and {Weinberg}, D.~H. and {Miralda-Escud{\'e}}, J.
	},
    title = "{The Lyman-Alpha Forest in the Cold Dark Matter Model}",
  journal = {\apjl},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9509105},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, GALAXIES: FORMATION, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE},
     year = 1996,
    month = feb,
   volume = 457,
    pages = {L51+},
      doi = {10.1086/309899},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996ApJ...457L..51H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1998ApJ...495...44C,
   author = {{Croft}, R.~A.~C. and {Weinberg}, D.~H. and {Katz}, N. and {Hernquist}, L.
	},
    title = "{Recovery of the Power Spectrum of Mass Fluctuations from Observations of the Ly alpha Forest}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9708018},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, GALAXIES: FORMATION, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, COSMOLOGY: THEORY, METHODS: NUMERICAL},
     year = 1998,
    month = mar,
   volume = 495,
    pages = {44-+},
      doi = {10.1086/305289},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998ApJ...495...44C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{1997ApJ...486...42G,
   author = {{Gardner}, J.~P. and {Katz}, N. and {Weinberg}, D.~H. and {Hernquist}, L.
	},
    title = "{Testing Cosmological Models against the Abundance of Damped Lyman-Alpha Absorbers}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9705118},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, GALAXIES: FORMATION, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, COSMOLOGY: THEORY, GALAXIES: HALOS},
     year = 1997,
    month = sep,
   volume = 486,
    pages = {42-+},
      doi = {10.1086/304526},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997ApJ...486...42G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{1997ApJ...484...31G,
   author = {{Gardner}, J.~P. and {Katz}, N. and {Hernquist}, L. and {Weinberg}, D.~H.
	},
    title = "{The Population of Damped Ly alpha and Lyman Limit Systems in the Cold Dark Matter Model}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9609072},
 keywords = {COSMOLOGY: THEORY, COSMOLOGY: DARK MATTER, GALAXIES: FORMATION, GALAXIES: HALOS, GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES},
     year = 1997,
    month = jul,
   volume = 484,
    pages = {31-+},
      doi = {10.1086/304310},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997ApJ...484...31G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2001ApJ...559..131G,
   author = {{Gardner}, J.~P. and {Katz}, N. and {Hernquist}, L. and {Weinberg}, D.~H.
	},
    title = "{Simulations of Damped Ly{$\alpha$} and Lyman Limit Absorbers in Different Cosmologies: Implications for Structure Formation at High Redshift}",
  journal = {\apj},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Formation, Cosmology: Large-Scale Structure of Universe, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2001,
    month = sep,
   volume = 559,
    pages = {131-146},
      doi = {10.1086/322403},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...559..131G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2006ApJ...645...55R,
   author = {{Razoumov}, A.~O. and {Norman}, M.~L. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and 
	{Wolfe}, A.~M.},
    title = "{Adaptive Mesh Refinement Simulations of the Ionization Structure and Kinematics of Damped Ly{$\alpha$} Systems with Self-consistent Radiative Transfer}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0510786},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Formation, Methods: Numerical, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines, Radiative Transfer},
     year = 2006,
    month = jul,
   volume = 645,
    pages = {55-67},
      doi = {10.1086/504311},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006ApJ...645...55R},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2008ApJ...683..149R,
   author = {{Razoumov}, A.~O. and {Norman}, M.~L. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and 
	{Sommer-Larsen}, J. and {Wolfe}, A.~M. and {Yang}, {Y.-J.}},
    title = "{Can Gravitational Infall Energy Lead to the Observed Velocity Dispersion in DLAs?}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0710.4137},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Formation, Galaxies: Kinematics and Dynamics, Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium},
     year = 2008,
    month = aug,
   volume = 683,
    pages = {149-160},
      doi = {10.1086/589136},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008ApJ...683..149R},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}




@ARTICLE{2003ApJ...598..741C,
   author = {{Cen}, R. and {Ostriker}, J.~P. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Wolfe}, A.~M.
	},
    title = "{Metallicity Evolution of Damped Ly{$\alpha$} Systems in {$\Lambda$}CDM Cosmology}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0203524},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Theory, Hydrodynamics, Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium, Cosmology: Large-Scale Structure of Universe, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2003,
    month = dec,
   volume = 598,
    pages = {741-755},
      doi = {10.1086/378881},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003ApJ...598..741C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2003MNRAS.344..776M,
   author = {{Mandelbaum}, R. and {McDonald}, P. and {Seljak}, U. and {Cen}, R.
	},
    title = "{Precision cosmology from the Lyman {$\alpha$} forest: power spectrum and bispectrum}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0302112},
 keywords = {quasars: absorption lines, cosmological parameters, cosmology: theory},
     year = 2003,
    month = sep,
   volume = 344,
    pages = {776-788},
      doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06859.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003MNRAS.344..776M},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009ApJ...696.1543P,
   author = {{Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Wolfe}, A.~M.},
    title = "{On the (Non)Evolution of H I Gas in Galaxies Over Cosmic Time}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0811.2003},
 keywords = {galaxies: evolution, intergalactic medium, quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2009,
    month = may,
   volume = 696,
    pages = {1543-1547},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/1543},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...696.1543P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1987ApJ...319..709C,
   author = {{Carswell}, R.~F. and {Webb}, J.~K. and {Baldwin}, J.~A. and 
	{Atwood}, B.},
    title = "{High-redshift QSO absorbing clouds and the background ionizing source}",
  journal = {\apj},
 keywords = {ABSORPTION SPECTRA, GAS IONIZATION, HYDROGEN CLOUDS, QUASARS, RADIATION SOURCES, RED SHIFT, BACKGROUND RADIATION, DENSITY DISTRIBUTION, GAS DENSITY, LINE SPECTRA, SPECTRUM ANALYSIS},
     year = 1987,
    month = aug,
   volume = 319,
    pages = {709-722},
      doi = {10.1086/165491},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987ApJ...319..709C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2003ApJ...582..659K,
   author = {{Keres}, D. and {Yun}, M.~S. and {Young}, J.~S.},
    title = "{CO Luminosity Functions for Far-Infrared- and B-Band-selected Galaxies and the First Estimate for {$\Omega$}_{HI}+H_{2}}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0209413},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Cosmological Parameters, Galaxies: ISM, Galaxies: Luminosity Function, Mass Function, ISM: Molecules, Radio Lines: ISM, Surveys},
     year = 2003,
    month = jan,
   volume = 582,
    pages = {659-667},
      doi = {10.1086/344820},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003ApJ...582..659K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2010arXiv1008.4242H,
   author = {{Hong}, S. and {Katz}, N. and {Dav{\'e}}, R. and {Fardal}, M. and 
	{Kere{\v s}}, D. and {Oppenheimer}, B.~D.},
    title = "{Galactic outflows and the kinematics of damped Lyman alpha absorbers}",
  journal = {ArXiv e-prints},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {1008.4242},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics},
     year = 2010,
    month = aug,
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010arXiv1008.4242H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

ar processes},
     year = 2009,
    month = mar,
   volume = 693,
    pages = {216-235},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/693/1/216},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...693..216K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2006ApJ...650..933B,
   author = {{Blitz}, L. and {Rosolowsky}, E.},
    title = "{The Role of Pressure in GMC Formation II: The H_{2}-Pressure Relation}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0605035},
 keywords = {Galaxies: ISM, ISM: Clouds, ISM: Evolution, ISM: Molecules},
     year = 2006,
    month = oct,
   volume = 650,
    pages = {933-944},
      doi = {10.1086/505417},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006ApJ...650..933B},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2010ApJ...718..392P,
   author = {{Prochaska}, J.~X. and {O'Meara}, J.~M. and {Worseck}, G.},
    title = "{A Definitive Survey for Lyman Limit Systems at z \~{} 3.5 with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0912.0292},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {diffuse radiation, intergalactic medium },
     year = 2010,
    month = jul,
   volume = 718,
    pages = {392-416},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/718/1/392},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ApJ...718..392P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009ApJ...696.1543P,
   author = {{Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Wolfe}, A.~M.},
    title = "{On the (Non)Evolution of H I Gas in Galaxies Over Cosmic Time}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0811.2003},
 keywords = {galaxies: evolution, intergalactic medium, quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2009,
    month = may,
   volume = 696,
    pages = {1543-1547},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/1543},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...696.1543P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2010arXiv1006.5345N,
   author = {{Nagamine}, K. and {Choi}, {J.-H.} and {Yajima}, H.},
    title = "{Effects of UV background and local stellar radiation on the H\_I column density distribution}",
  journal = {ArXiv e-prints},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {1006.5345},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics},
     year = 2010,
    month = jun,
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010arXiv1006.5345N},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2004MNRAS.348..421N,
   author = {{Nagamine}, K. and {Springel}, V. and {Hernquist}, L.},
    title = "{Abundance of damped Lyman {$\alpha$} absorbers in cosmological smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0302187},
 keywords = {methods: numerical, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: formation, cosmology: theory},
     year = 2004,
    month = feb,
   volume = 348,
    pages = {421-434},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07393.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004MNRAS.348..421N},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}





@ARTICLE{1997MNRAS.292...27H,
   author = {{Hui}, L. and {Gnedin}, N.~Y.},
    title = "{Equation of state of the photoionized intergalactic medium}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9612232},
 keywords = {EQUATIONS OF STATE, INTERGALACTIC MEDIA, PHOTOIONIZATION, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, QUASARS},
     year = 1997,
    month = nov,
   volume = 292,
    pages = {27-+},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997MNRAS.292...27H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2010MNRAS.402.1536S,
   author = {{Schaye}, J. and {Dalla Vecchia}, C. and {Booth}, C.~M. and 
	{Wiersma}, R.~P.~C. and {Theuns}, T. and {Haas}, M.~R. and {Bertone}, S. and 
	{Duffy}, A.~R. and {McCarthy}, I.~G. and {van de Voort}, F.},
    title = "{The physics driving the cosmic star formation history}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0909.5196},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {stars: formation, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: formation, cosmology: theory},
     year = 2010,
    month = mar,
   volume = 402,
    pages = {1536-1560},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16029.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010MNRAS.402.1536S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2008MNRAS.383.1210S,
   author = {{Schaye}, J. and {Dalla Vecchia}, C.},
    title = "{On the relation between the Schmidt and Kennicutt-Schmidt star formation laws and its implications for numerical simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0709.0292},
 keywords = {stars: formation , galaxies: evolution , galaxies: formation , galaxies: ISM},
     year = 2008,
    month = jan,
   volume = 383,
    pages = {1210-1222},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12639.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008MNRAS.383.1210S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2008MNRAS.387.1431D,
   author = {{Dalla Vecchia}, C. and {Schaye}, J.},
    title = "{Simulating galactic outflows with kinetic supernova feedback}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0801.2770},
 keywords = {methods: numerical , ISM: bubbles , ISM: jets and outflows , galaxies: evolution , galaxies: formation , galaxies: ISM},
     year = 2008,
    month = jul,
   volume = 387,
    pages = {1431-1444},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13322.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008MNRAS.387.1431D},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2009MNRAS.399..574W,
   author = {{Wiersma}, R.~P.~C. and {Schaye}, J. and {Theuns}, T. and {Dalla Vecchia}, C. and 
	{Tornatore}, L.},
    title = "{Chemical enrichment in cosmological, smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0902.1535},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {methods: numerical , galaxies: abundances , galaxies: formation , intergalactic medium , cosmology: theory},
     year = 2009,
    month = oct,
   volume = 399,
    pages = {574-600},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15331.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.399..574W},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2009MNRAS.393...99W,
   author = {{Wiersma}, R.~P.~C. and {Schaye}, J. and {Smith}, B.~D.},
    title = "{The effect of photoionization on the cooling rates of enriched, astrophysical plasmas}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0807.3748},
 keywords = {atomic processes , plasmas , cooling flows , galaxies: formation , intergalactic medium},
     year = 2009,
    month = feb,
   volume = 393,
    pages = {99-107},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14191.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.393...99W},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009MNRAS.398...53B,
   author = {{Booth}, C.~M. and {Schaye}, J.},
    title = "{Cosmological simulations of the growth of supermassive black holes and feedback from active galactic nuclei: method and tests}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0904.2572},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {hydrodynamics , galaxies: active , galaxies: evolution , galaxies: formation , quasars: general , cosmology: theory},
     year = 2009,
    month = sep,
   volume = 398,
    pages = {53-74},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15043.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.398...53B},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2005MNRAS.364.1105S,
   author = {{Springel}, V.},
    title = "{The cosmological simulation code GADGET-2}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0505010},
 keywords = {methods: numerical, galaxies: interactions, dark matter},
     year = 2005,
    month = dec,
   volume = 364,
    pages = {1105-1134},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09655.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005MNRAS.364.1105S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{2001cghr.confE..64H,
   author = {{Haardt}, F. and {Madau}, P.},
    title = "{Modelling the UV/X-ray cosmic background with CUBA}",
booktitle = {Clusters of Galaxies and the High Redshift Universe Observed in X-rays},
     year = 2001,
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0106018},
   editor = "{D.~M.~Neumann \& J.~T.~V.~Tran}",
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001cghr.confE..64H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2005ApJ...622..759G,
   author = {{G{\'o}rski}, K.~M. and {Hivon}, E. and {Banday}, A.~J. and 
	{Wandelt}, B.~D. and {Hansen}, F.~K. and {Reinecke}, M. and 
	{Bartelmann}, M.},
    title = "{HEALPix: A Framework for High-Resolution Discretization and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0409513},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Cosmic Microwave Background, Cosmology: Observations, Methods: Statistical},
     year = 2005,
    month = apr,
   volume = 622,
    pages = {759-771},
      doi = {10.1086/427976},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...622..759G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2010arXiv1010.5014C,
   author = {{Cen}, R.},
    title = "{The Nature of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems and Their Hosts in the Standard Cold Dark Matter Universe}",
  journal = {ArXiv e-prints},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {1010.5014},
   volume = {1010.5014},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics},
     year = 2010,
    month = oct,
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010arXiv1010.5014C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}





@ARTICLE{2005ApJ...635...86C,
   author = {{Cen}, R. and {Nagamine}, K. and {Ostriker}, J.~P.},
    title = "{Quantitative Signatures of Galactic Superwinds on Ly{$\alpha$} Clouds and Metal-Line Systems}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0407143},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Theory, Hydrodynamics, Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium, Cosmology: Large-Scale Structure of Universe, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2005,
    month = dec,
   volume = 635,
    pages = {86-99},
      doi = {10.1086/497353},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...635...86C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}




@ARTICLE{2009MNRAS.397..411T,
   author = {{Tescari}, E. and {Viel}, M. and {Tornatore}, L. and {Borgani}, S.
	},
    title = "{Damped Lyman {$\alpha$} systems in high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0904.3545},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {methods: numerical , galaxies: formation , intergalactic medium , quasars: absorption lines , cosmology: theory},
     year = 2009,
    month = jul,
   volume = 397,
    pages = {411-430},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14943.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MNRAS.397..411T},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2007ApJS..170..377S,
   author = {{Spergel}, D.~N. and {Bean}, R. and {Dor{\'e}}, O. and {Nolta}, M.~R. and 
	{Bennett}, C.~L. and {Dunkley}, J. and {Hinshaw}, G. and {Jarosik}, N. and 
	{Komatsu}, E. and {Page}, L. and {Peiris}, H.~V. and {Verde}, L. and 
	{Halpern}, M. and {Hill}, R.~S. and {Kogut}, A. and {Limon}, M. and 
	{Meyer}, S.~S. and {Odegard}, N. and {Tucker}, G.~S. and {Weiland}, J.~L. and 
	{Wollack}, E. and {Wright}, E.~L.},
    title = "{Three-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Implications for Cosmology}",
  journal = {\apjs},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0603449},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Cosmic Microwave Background, Cosmology: Observations},
     year = 2007,
    month = jun,
   volume = 170,
    pages = {377-408},
      doi = {10.1086/513700},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJS..170..377S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009ApJS..180..330K,
   author = {{Komatsu}, E. and {Dunkley}, J. and {Nolta}, M.~R. and {Bennett}, C.~L. and 
	{Gold}, B. and {Hinshaw}, G. and {Jarosik}, N. and {Larson}, D. and 
	{Limon}, M. and {Page}, L. and {Spergel}, D.~N. and {Halpern}, M. and 
	{Hill}, R.~S. and {Kogut}, A. and {Meyer}, S.~S. and {Tucker}, G.~S. and 
	{Weiland}, J.~L. and {Wollack}, E. and {Wright}, E.~L.},
    title = "{Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe Observations: Cosmological Interpretation}",
  journal = {\apjs},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0803.0547},
 keywords = {cosmic microwave background, cosmology: observations, dark matter, early universe, instrumentation: detectors, space vehicles: instruments, telescopes},
     year = 2009,
    month = feb,
   volume = 180,
    pages = {330-376},
      doi = {10.1088/0067-0049/180/2/330},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJS..180..330K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2001ApJ...562L..95S,
   author = {{Schaye}, J.},
    title = "{A Physical Upper Limit on the H I Column Density of Gas Clouds}",
  journal = {\apjl},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0109280},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Formation, Galaxies: ISM, Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium, ISM: Clouds, ISM: Molecules, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2001,
    month = nov,
   volume = 562,
    pages = {L95-L98},
      doi = {10.1086/338106},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...562L..95S},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2009A&A...505.1087N,
   author = {{Noterdaeme}, P. and {Petitjean}, P. and {Ledoux}, C. and {Srianand}, R.
	},
    title = "{Evolution of the cosmological mass density of neutral gas from Sloan Digital Sky Survey II - Data Release 7}",
  journal = {\aap},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0908.1574},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {cosmology: observations, quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2009,
    month = oct,
   volume = 505,
    pages = {1087-1098},
      doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/200912768},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009A%26A...505.1087N},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2005MNRAS.363..479P,
   author = {{P{\'e}roux}, C. and {Dessauges-Zavadsky}, M. and {D'Odorico}, S. and 
	{Sun Kim}, T. and {McMahon}, R.~G.},
    title = "{A homogeneous sample of sub-damped Lyman {$\alpha$} systems - III. Total gas mass {$\Omega$}_{HI+HeII} at z {\gt} 2^{*}}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0507353},
 keywords = {galaxies: abundances, galaxies: high-redshift, quasars: absorption lines, quasars: general},
     year = 2005,
    month = oct,
   volume = 363,
    pages = {479-495},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09432.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005MNRAS.363..479P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2007ApJ...656..666O,
   author = {{O'Meara}, J.~M. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Burles}, S. and 
	{Prochter}, G. and {Bernstein}, R.~A. and {Burgess}, K.~M.},
    title = "{The Keck+Magellan Survey for Lyman Limit Absorption. I. The Frequency Distribution of Super Lyman Limit Systems}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0610726},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2007,
    month = feb,
   volume = 656,
    pages = {666-679},
      doi = {10.1086/510711},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJ...656..666O},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2002MNRAS.335..555K,
   author = {{Kim}, {T.-S.} and {Carswell}, R.~F. and {Cristiani}, S. and 
	{D'Odorico}, S. and {Giallongo}, E.},
    title = "{The physical properties of the Ly{$\alpha$} forest at z {\gt} 1.5}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0205237},
 keywords = {quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2002,
    month = sep,
   volume = 335,
    pages = {555-573},
      doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05599.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002MNRAS.335..555K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2005ARA&A..43..861W,
   author = {{Wolfe}, A.~M. and {Gawiser}, E. and {Prochaska}, J.~X.},
    title = "{Damped Ly {$\alpha$} Systems}",
  journal = {\araa},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0509481},
     year = 2005,
    month = sep,
   volume = 43,
    pages = {861-918},
      doi = {10.1146/annurev.astro.42.053102.133950},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ARA%26A..43..861W},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{1998ARA&A..36..267R,
   author = {{Rauch}, M.},
    title = "{The Lyman Alpha Forest in the Spectra of QSOs}",
  journal = {\araa},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9806286},
     year = 1998,
   volume = 36,
    pages = {267-316},
      doi = {10.1146/annurev.astro.36.1.267},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998ARA%26A..36..267R},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2009ApJ...705L.113P,
   author = {{Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Worseck}, G. and {O'Meara}, J.~M.},
    title = "{A Direct Measurement of the Intergalactic Medium Opacity to H I Ionizing Photons}",
  journal = {\apjl},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0910.0009},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {intergalactic medium, large-scale structure of universe, quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2009,
    month = nov,
   volume = 705,
    pages = {L113-L117},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/L113},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...705L.113P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1993MNRAS.262..499P,
   author = {{Petitjean}, P. and {Webb}, J.~K. and {Rauch}, M. and {Carswell}, R.~F. and 
	{Lanzetta}, K.},
    title = "{Evidence for structure in the H I column density distribution of QSO absorbers}",
  journal = {\mnras},
 keywords = {DENSITY DISTRIBUTION, H I REGIONS, LYMAN ALPHA RADIATION, QUASARS, ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION, ULTRAVIOLET ASTRONOMY, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS, INTERGALACTIC MEDIA},
     year = 1993,
    month = may,
   volume = 262,
    pages = {499-505},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993MNRAS.262..499P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1987ApJ...321...49T,
   author = {{Tytler}, D.},
    title = "{The distribution of QSO absorption system column densities - Evidence for a single population}",
  journal = {\apj},
 keywords = {ABSORPTION SPECTRA, H I REGIONS, INTERGALACTIC MEDIA, LINE SPECTRA, QUASARS, SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION, ASTRONOMICAL MODELS, DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS, LYMAN ALPHA RADIATION, METALLICITY},
     year = 1987,
    month = oct,
   volume = 321,
    pages = {49-68},
      doi = {10.1086/165615},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987ApJ...321...49T},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1996ApJ...457L..57K,
   author = {{Katz}, N. and {Weinberg}, D.~H. and {Hernquist}, L. and {Miralda-Escude}, J.
	},
    title = "{Damped Lyman-Alpha and Lyman Limit Absorbers in the Cold Dark Matter Model}",
  journal = {\apjl},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9509106},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: FORMATION, HYDRODYNAMICS, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, METHODS: NUMERICAL, GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES},
     year = 1996,
    month = feb,
   volume = 457,
    pages = {L57+},
      doi = {10.1086/309900},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996ApJ...457L..57K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1998ApJ...495..647H,
   author = {{Haehnelt}, M.~G. and {Steinmetz}, M. and {Rauch}, M.},
    title = "{Damped Ly alpha Absorber at High Redshift: Large Disks or Galactic Building Blocks?}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9706201},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS, GALAXIES: STRUCTURE, GALAXIES: INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM, GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES},
     year = 1998,
    month = mar,
   volume = 495,
    pages = {647-+},
      doi = {10.1086/305323},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998ApJ...495..647H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1998MNRAS.301..478T,
   author = {{Theuns}, T. and {Leonard}, A. and {Efstathiou}, G. and {Pearce}, F.~R. and 
	{Thomas}, P.~A.},
    title = "{P\^{}3M-SPH simulations of the Lyalpha forest}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9805119},
 keywords = {HYDRODYNAMICS, QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, COSMOLOGY: THEORY, LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE},
     year = 1998,
    month = dec,
   volume = 301,
    pages = {478-502},
      doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.02040.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998MNRAS.301..478T},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{1998MNRAS.297L..49T,
   author = {{Theuns}, T. and {Leonard}, A. and {Efstathiou}, G.},
    title = "{The low-redshift evolution of the Lyman-alpha forest}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9803245},
 keywords = {HYDRODYNAMICS, QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, COSMOLOGY: THEORY, LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE},
     year = 1998,
    month = jun,
   volume = 297,
    pages = {L49-L52},
      doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01740.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998MNRAS.297L..49T},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}




@ARTICLE{1997ApJ...479..523B,
   author = {{Bi}, H. and {Davidsen}, A.~F.},
    title = "{Evolution of Structure in the Intergalactic Medium and the Nature of the Ly alpha Forest}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9611062},
 keywords = {COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, COSMOLOGY: DARK MATTER, HYDRODYNAMICS, GALAXIES: INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM, GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES},
     year = 1997,
    month = apr,
   volume = 479,
    pages = {523-+},
      doi = {10.1086/303908},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997ApJ...479..523B},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{1994ApJ...437L...9C,
   author = {{Cen}, R. and {Miralda-Escud{\'e}}, J. and {Ostriker}, J.~P. and 
	{Rauch}, M.},
    title = "{Gravitational collapse of small-scale structure as the origin of the Lyman-alpha forest}",
  journal = {\apjl},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9409017},
 keywords = {ASTRONOMICAL MODELS, COSMOLOGY, GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE, GRAVITATIONAL LENSES, QUASARS, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, HYDRODYNAMICS, LINE SPECTRA, LYMAN ALPHA RADIATION, PHOTOIONIZATION, RED SHIFT, SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIOS},
     year = 1994,
    month = dec,
   volume = 437,
    pages = {L9-L12},
      doi = {10.1086/187670},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994ApJ...437L...9C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}



@ARTICLE{2008MNRAS.390.1349P,
   author = {{Pontzen}, A. and {Governato}, F. and {Pettini}, M. and {Booth}, C.~M. and 
	{Stinson}, G. and {Wadsley}, J. and {Brooks}, A. and {Quinn}, T. and 
	{Haehnelt}, M.},
    title = "{Damped Lyman {$\alpha$} systems in galaxy formation simulations}",
  journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0804.4474},
 keywords = {methods: numerical , galaxies: formation , quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2008,
    month = nov,
   volume = 390,
    pages = {1349-1371},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13782.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008MNRAS.390.1349P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1996ApJ...457L..51H,
   author = {{Hernquist}, L. and {Katz}, N. and {Weinberg}, D.~H. and {Miralda-Escud{\'e}}, J.
	},
    title = "{The Lyman-Alpha Forest in the Cold Dark Matter Model}",
  journal = {\apjl},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9509105},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, GALAXIES: FORMATION, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE},
     year = 1996,
    month = feb,
   volume = 457,
    pages = {L51+},
      doi = {10.1086/309899},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996ApJ...457L..51H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1998ApJ...495...44C,
   author = {{Croft}, R.~A.~C. and {Weinberg}, D.~H. and {Katz}, N. and {Hernquist}, L.
	},
    title = "{Recovery of the Power Spectrum of Mass Fluctuations from Observations of the Ly alpha Forest}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9708018},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, GALAXIES: FORMATION, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, COSMOLOGY: THEORY, METHODS: NUMERICAL},
     year = 1998,
    month = mar,
   volume = 495,
    pages = {44-+},
      doi = {10.1086/305289},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998ApJ...495...44C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{1997ApJ...486...42G,
   author = {{Gardner}, J.~P. and {Katz}, N. and {Weinberg}, D.~H. and {Hernquist}, L.
	},
    title = "{Testing Cosmological Models against the Abundance of Damped Lyman-Alpha Absorbers}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9705118},
 keywords = {GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES, GALAXIES: FORMATION, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, COSMOLOGY: THEORY, GALAXIES: HALOS},
     year = 1997,
    month = sep,
   volume = 486,
    pages = {42-+},
      doi = {10.1086/304526},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997ApJ...486...42G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{1997ApJ...484...31G,
   author = {{Gardner}, J.~P. and {Katz}, N. and {Hernquist}, L. and {Weinberg}, D.~H.
	},
    title = "{The Population of Damped Ly alpha and Lyman Limit Systems in the Cold Dark Matter Model}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/9609072},
 keywords = {COSMOLOGY: THEORY, COSMOLOGY: DARK MATTER, GALAXIES: FORMATION, GALAXIES: HALOS, GALAXIES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS, COSMOLOGY: LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE, GALAXIES: QUASARS: ABSORPTION LINES},
     year = 1997,
    month = jul,
   volume = 484,
    pages = {31-+},
      doi = {10.1086/304310},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997ApJ...484...31G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2001ApJ...559..131G,
   author = {{Gardner}, J.~P. and {Katz}, N. and {Hernquist}, L. and {Weinberg}, D.~H.
	},
    title = "{Simulations of Damped Ly{$\alpha$} and Lyman Limit Absorbers in Different Cosmologies: Implications for Structure Formation at High Redshift}",
  journal = {\apj},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Formation, Cosmology: Large-Scale Structure of Universe, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2001,
    month = sep,
   volume = 559,
    pages = {131-146},
      doi = {10.1086/322403},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...559..131G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2006ApJ...645...55R,
   author = {{Razoumov}, A.~O. and {Norman}, M.~L. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and 
	{Wolfe}, A.~M.},
    title = "{Adaptive Mesh Refinement Simulations of the Ionization Structure and Kinematics of Damped Ly{$\alpha$} Systems with Self-consistent Radiative Transfer}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0510786},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Formation, Methods: Numerical, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines, Radiative Transfer},
     year = 2006,
    month = jul,
   volume = 645,
    pages = {55-67},
      doi = {10.1086/504311},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006ApJ...645...55R},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2008ApJ...683..149R,
   author = {{Razoumov}, A.~O. and {Norman}, M.~L. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and 
	{Sommer-Larsen}, J. and {Wolfe}, A.~M. and {Yang}, {Y.-J.}},
    title = "{Can Gravitational Infall Energy Lead to the Observed Velocity Dispersion in DLAs?}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0710.4137},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Formation, Galaxies: Kinematics and Dynamics, Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium},
     year = 2008,
    month = aug,
   volume = 683,
    pages = {149-160},
      doi = {10.1086/589136},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008ApJ...683..149R},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}




@ARTICLE{2003ApJ...598..741C,
   author = {{Cen}, R. and {Ostriker}, J.~P. and {Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Wolfe}, A.~M.
	},
    title = "{Metallicity Evolution of Damped Ly{$\alpha$} Systems in {$\Lambda$}CDM Cosmology}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0203524},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Theory, Hydrodynamics, Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium, Cosmology: Large-Scale Structure of Universe, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2003,
    month = dec,
   volume = 598,
    pages = {741-755},
      doi = {10.1086/378881},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003ApJ...598..741C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2003MNRAS.344..776M,
   author = {{Mandelbaum}, R. and {McDonald}, P. and {Seljak}, U. and {Cen}, R.
	},
    title = "{Precision cosmology from the Lyman {$\alpha$} forest: power spectrum and bispectrum}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0302112},
 keywords = {quasars: absorption lines, cosmological parameters, cosmology: theory},
     year = 2003,
    month = sep,
   volume = 344,
    pages = {776-788},
      doi = {10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06859.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003MNRAS.344..776M},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009ApJ...696.1543P,
   author = {{Prochaska}, J.~X. and {Wolfe}, A.~M.},
    title = "{On the (Non)Evolution of H I Gas in Galaxies Over Cosmic Time}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0811.2003},
 keywords = {galaxies: evolution, intergalactic medium, quasars: absorption lines},
     year = 2009,
    month = may,
   volume = 696,
    pages = {1543-1547},
      doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/1543},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...696.1543P},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{1987ApJ...319..709C,
   author = {{Carswell}, R.~F. and {Webb}, J.~K. and {Baldwin}, J.~A. and 
	{Atwood}, B.},
    title = "{High-redshift QSO absorbing clouds and the background ionizing source}",
  journal = {\apj},
 keywords = {ABSORPTION SPECTRA, GAS IONIZATION, HYDROGEN CLOUDS, QUASARS, RADIATION SOURCES, RED SHIFT, BACKGROUND RADIATION, DENSITY DISTRIBUTION, GAS DENSITY, LINE SPECTRA, SPECTRUM ANALYSIS},
     year = 1987,
    month = aug,
   volume = 319,
    pages = {709-722},
      doi = {10.1086/165491},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987ApJ...319..709C},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2003ApJ...582..659K,
   author = {{Keres}, D. and {Yun}, M.~S. and {Young}, J.~S.},
    title = "{CO Luminosity Functions for Far-Infrared- and B-Band-selected Galaxies and the First Estimate for {$\Omega$}_{HI}+H_{2}}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0209413},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Cosmological Parameters, Galaxies: ISM, Galaxies: Luminosity Function, Mass Function, ISM: Molecules, Radio Lines: ISM, Surveys},
     year = 2003,
    month = jan,
   volume = 582,
    pages = {659-667},
      doi = {10.1086/344820},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003ApJ...582..659K},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2010arXiv1008.4242H,
   author = {{Hong}, S. and {Katz}, N. and {Dav{\'e}}, R. and {Fardal}, M. and 
	{Kere{\v s}}, D. and {Oppenheimer}, B.~D.},
    title = "{Galactic outflows and the kinematics of damped Lyman alpha absorbers}",
  journal = {ArXiv e-prints},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {1008.4242},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics},
     year = 2010,
    month = aug,
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010arXiv1008.4242H},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{2005MNRAS.359L..30Z,
   author = {{Zwaan}, M.~A. and {Meyer}, M.~J. and {Staveley-Smith}, L. and 
	{Webster}, R.~L.},
    title = "{The HIPASS catalogue: $\Omega_{\rm HI}$ and environmental effects on the HI mass function of galaxies}",
  journal = {\mnras},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0502257},
 keywords = {methods: observational, methods: statistical, surveys, galaxies: luminosity function, mass function, galaxies: statistics, radio lines: galaxies},
     year = 2005,
    month = may,
   volume = 359,
    pages = {L30-L34},
      doi = {10.1111/j.1745-3933.2005.00029.x},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005MNRAS.359L..30Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2006ApJ...643..675Z,
   author = {{Zwaan}, M.~A. and {Prochaska}, J.~X.},
    title = "{Where Is the Molecular Hydrogen in Damped Ly{$\alpha$} Absorbers?}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0601655},
 keywords = {Galaxies: ISM, ISM: Atoms, ISM: Molecules, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2006,
    month = jun,
   volume = 643,
    pages = {675-679},
      doi = {10.1086/503191},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006ApJ...643..675Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2010arXiv1011.2491V,
   author = {{van de Voort}, F. and {Schaye}, J. and {Booth}, C.~M. and {Haas}, M.~R. and 
	{Dalla Vecchia}, C.},
    title = "{The rates and modes of gas accretion on to galaxies and their gaseous haloes}",
  journal = {ArXiv e-prints},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {1011.2491},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics},
     year = 2010,
    month = nov,
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010arXiv1011.2491V},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2008ApJ...688...85F,
   author = {{Faucher-Gigu{\`e}re}, {C.-A.} and {Lidz}, A. and {Hernquist}, L. and 
	{Zaldarriaga}, M.},
    title = "{Evolution of the Intergalactic Opacity: Implications for the Ionizing Background, Cosmic Star Formation, and Quasar Activity}",
  journal = {\apj},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0807.4177},
 keywords = {Cosmology: Theory, Cosmology: Diffuse Radiation, Galaxies: Evolution, Galaxies: Formation, Methods: Data Analysis, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines, Galaxies: Quasars: General},
     year = 2008,
    month = nov,
   volume = 688,
    pages = {85-107},
      doi = {10.1086/592289},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008ApJ...688...85F},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2009A&A...508..133G,
   author = {{Guimar{\~a}es}, R. and {Petitjean}, P. and {de Carvalho}, R.~R. and 
	{Djorgovski}, S.~G. and {Noterdaeme}, P. and {Castro}, S. and 
	{Poppe}, P.~C.~D.~R. and {Aghaee}, A.},
    title = "{Damped and sub-damped Lyman-{$\alpha$} absorbers in z $>$ 4 QSOs}",
  journal = {\aap},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
   eprint = {0909.4839},
 primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
 keywords = {Galaxy: evolution, Galaxy: formation, quasars: absorption lines, intergalactic medium, cosmology: observations},
     year = 2009,
    month = dec,
   volume = 508,
    pages = {133-140},
      doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/200811541},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009A\%26A...508..133G},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}


@ARTICLE{2006ApJ...636..610R,
   author = {{Rao}, S.~M. and {Turnshek}, D.~A. and {Nestor}, D.~B.},
    title = "{Damped Ly{$\alpha$} Systems at z${<}$1.65: The Expanded Sloan Digital Sky Survey Hubble Space Telescope Sample}",
  journal = {\apj},
   eprint = {arXiv:astro-ph/0509469},
 keywords = {Galaxies: Evolution, Galaxies: Formation, Galaxies: Quasars: Absorption Lines},
     year = 2006,
    month = jan,
   volume = 636,
    pages = {610-630},
      doi = {10.1086/498132},
   adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006ApJ...636..610R},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}
